Öz
Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde (YYBÜ) term ve preterm yenidoğanlar birçok invaziv işleme maruz kalmaktadır. Bu işlemler sırasında özellikle pretermler sistemsel gelişimlerini tamamlamadıkları için solunumsal ve gastrointestinal sistem başta olmak üzere birçok sistemle ilgili komplikasyonlar ile karşı karşıyadır. Bu sorunların tanılama ve tedavi aşamasında kullanılan near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) (yakın kızılötesi spektroskopi) cihazı, çeşitli non-farmakolojik girişimlerin etkinliğini değerlendiren güncel bir uygulamadır. Aynı zamanda NIRS, doku oksijenasyonunu ölçmek için yakın kızılötesi bir ışık spektrumunun emilimini ve yansımasını kullanan ve dolaylı olarak bölgesel kan akışını temsil eden bir araştırma tekniğidir. Şu anda, beyin, böbrek ve abdominal dolaşım da dahil olmak üzere vücudun birden fazla bölgesinde bölgesel oksijenasyonu aynı anda ölçmek mümkündür. NIRS ile ölçülen bölgesel (serebral, abdominal) doku oksijen doygunluğu, yenidoğanlarda serebral hemodinamiklerin izlenmesinde, beslenme intoleransı, nekrotizan enterokolit gibi gastrointestinal komplikasyonların tanı ve tedavisinde kullanımı artan bir parametre haline gelmiştir. Literatüre bakıldığında NIRS ile ilgili yapılan çalışmaların preterm yenidoğanlarda serebral oksijenizasyon üzerine yoğunlaştığı görülmektedir. YYBÜ’nde çalışan hemşirelerin NIRS cihazını kullanması, takibinde dikkat etmesi gereken noktaları bilmesi ve yorumlanmasını öğrenmesi komplikasyonların erken dönemde tanımlanması açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu literatür derlemesindeki amaç; yenidoğanlarda serebral ve abdominal doku oksijenizasyonunun NIRS teknolojisi ile ölçülmesine yönelik bilgileri ve hemşirelik bakımını güncel literatür ışığında değerlendirmektir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşirelik bakımı, yakın kızılötesi spektroskopi, yenidoğan
Kaynakça
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