Öz
Yaşlı kanser hastalarının cerrahi tedavisi, fizyolojik rezerv, kırılganlık, eşlik eden hastalıklar ve bireysel sağlık durumlarının dikkatli değerlendirilmesini gerektirir. Bu hasta grubunda kanser insidansı giderek artmakta ve cerrahi, birçok kanser türünde hala etkili bir tedavi seçeneği olarak kabul edilmektedir. Ancak, yaşlı bireylerde cerrahi karar verme süreci zorlu olabilir ve genellikle öznel değerlendirmelere dayanır. Kapsamlı geriatrik değerlendirme, yaşlı hastaların işlevsel, bilişsel, psikososyal ve genel sağlık durumlarını analiz ederek cerrahi sonuçların tahmin edilmesine katkı sağlar ve bireyselleştirilmiş tedavi kararlarına rehberlik eder. Meme, kolon, mide, hepatobiliyer ve pankreas kanserleri gibi sık görülen kanser türlerinde yaşlı bireylerde cerrahi tedavi, dikkatli hasta seçimi ve multidisipliner bir yaklaşımla başarıyla uygulanabilir. Palyatif cerrahi, ileri evre kanser hastalarında semptom kontrolü ve yaşam kalitesini artırmayı hedeflerken, bu girişimlerin etkinliği de doğru değerlendirme süreçlerine bağlıdır. Literatür, yaşlı bireylerin cerrahi sonrası morbidite ve mortalite açısından genç hastalarla benzer sonuçlar elde edebileceğini göstermektedir. Yaşı ne olursa olsun, cerrahinin uygun bir tedavi yöntemi olduğu belirlenen hastalar, yaşa bağlı önyargılar nedeniyle bu seçeneğin dışında bırakılmamalıdır. Sonuç olarak, yaşlı kanser hastalarında cerrahi tedavi kararları, tümör biyolojisi ile birlikte bireyin genel sağlık durumuna ve kırılganlık düzeyine göre alınmalıdır. Uygun değerlendirme yöntemleriyle cerrahi, yaşam süresi ve kalitesini iyileştirebilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Geriatrik onkoloji, cerrahi tedavi, kapsamlı geriatrik değerlendirme, yaşlı kanser hastaları, palyatif cerrahi
Kaynakça
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