ABSTRACT

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming various sectors, including healthcare. The aim of this research is to examine the factors that determine acceptance of and intention to use AI applications by medical doctors (MDs).

This research was based on an online survey conducted with 275 MDs in Turkey. The survey was prepared in English and was later translated into Turkish by the researchers. The study employed a convenience sampling technique. The partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to ascertain causal relationships for theory confirmation. The data analysis utilized SmartPLS 3. Descriptive statistics were calculated with the SPSS 25 software.

According to the findings, Trust (β =.651; t = 25.876; p <.01) is the strongest positive factor for increased intention to use AI applications. Perceived Usefulness (β =.613; t = 22.851; p <.01) and Perceived Ease of Use (β =.644; t = 14.577; p <.01), significantly predicted Intension to Use. Technological Anxiety was not a significant predictor for Intension to Use (β =.067; t = 1.014; p =.093) as well as Facilitating Conditions (β =.071; t = 1.041; p =.102).

This research reveals that trust, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use are the major positive factors for AI to be accepted and used by MDs. The greater trust and ease of use that comes with more knowledge and experience about artificial intelligence may lead to more action to be taken to benefit from AI in the healthcare sector.

Keywords: AI in healthcare service, Extended TAM, AI Acceptance, PLS-SEM