ABSTRACT
Providing a stable and long lasting bonding to the tooth is an ideal requirement for the success of restorations. Therefore dentin bonding systems are important clinical contributions to recent composite technology. The first, second and third generations are classified under historical title while; etch&rinse, self-etch and multi-mode adhesives are classified under the title of current clinical practice procedures strategies. The preferred properties of adhesive systems are biocompatibility with dental tissues, improved bond strength to dental tissues, and better resistance to chewing stresses. In recent years, the success rate of restorative treatment of teeth that have suffered from caries or loss of supporting tissue has increased considerably due to the developments in dentin donding systems.
Keywords:
Dental enamel, dentin, dentin-bonding agents, dental adhesives, classification
Introduction
dhesive systems are one of the most important factors affecting the success of restorative dentistry. First, adhesive dentistry was born out of the idea of Buonocore (1) to provide retention with micromechanical retention by roughening the enamel tissue with 85% phosphoric acid for 30 seconds. At the end of the 1970s, dentin bonding systems have made a major breakthrough with the introduction of the view that phosphoric acid can be applied on dentin tissue.The mechanism of adhesion of the dentin bonding systems used today to the tissues of the teeth is defined as a natural micromechanical adhesion with the penetration of adhesive resin to collagen which is exposed on the surface of the dentin roughened with acid. “Hybrid Layer” (2) in other words’ interdiffusion layer’ (3) is one of the basic mechanisms of adhesion. The terms and their meanings used to understand adhesion mechanism are very important.
Conclusion
Safe bonding of composite resins to enamel and dentin tissues via adhesive systems allows more conservative cavity preparation instead of cavity prepared for amalgam restorations in operative dentistry. Advances in dentin bonding systems and application techniques make it possible for these systems to be used in many other areas of Dentistry. However, even if better and easier-to-use materials are produced, the clinician must first pay attention to the technique during the application in order to make a successful restoration in the clinic. However, it is also very important that bonding is done under ideal conditions.
The current concept of minimally invasive dentistry has led to a significant development in dental adhesiv technology. The Etch & rinse approach, especially in cases where the enamel is more dominant than the dentin tissue, in other words, in cases in whom a better adhesion on the front teeth is wanted, can be more appropriate. In posterior teeth, active application of 10-MDP based two-stage SE adhesive systems to both enamel and dentin tissue following selective etch process in enamel with phosphoric acid, can be considered a good strategy for achieving optimal restoration durability.
With the new adhesive systems, successful results are achieved in reducing or eliminating sensitivity after restoration, reducing micro leakages and ensuring that the resin can be spread nicely to the tooth tissues. Therefore, the success of adhesive materials in in vitro should be supported by clinical follow-up to evaluate the long-term durability of composite materials within the mouth.
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